British National Identity Among Ethnic Minorities

British National soulfulnessal identity among EthnicMinorities Identity is something some another(prenominal) of us dont think closely, but it is the master(prenominal) force behind our daily decisions. Britishness is defined as the state or quality of being British. This means that Britishness involves habits, behaviors, language, grow, and symbols that atomic chip 18 uncouth, recognizable, and iconic to the United Kingdom. sometimes however, it is hard to define Britishness because it cannot be defined as one thing, analogous many identities, it evolves and transforms ever so often.British identity has been a subject of many debates since the 1960s, prompted initially by the loss of empire, then by the rhytidoplasty of the benefit state, postwar black and Asian migration and entry into the European Community, and more belatedly by the decadence of power to Scotland and Wales (P atomic number 18kh, 1). Some claim that the most contend minority integration in contemp orary nightspot is immigrant-origin non- light communities (Maxwell, 2), but this is go a false claim. The British subject field identity has been on a disapprove with more Britons claiming their identity as face, Scots, Irish, or welch.This however, is not on-key for heathen minorities in the UK. Headlines around many newspapers read Ethnic minorities are now more likely to feel British than white mickle There was a study done by the Institute for reality Policy Research that resulted in 51 component of blacks and Asians describing themselves as British compared with good 29 per cent of whites. Data shows that in 1996, 52 percent of respondents to a poll said they saw themselves primarily as British. By 2005, this had fallen to only if 44 per cent. The IPPR study said that Scottish and Welsh devolution had damaged British feeling (Daily Mail).Professor Platt stated that Given the rate of flow anxiety around immigration and concerns that it is challenging a unified con tent identity, it is interesting to find that minorities in fact hold surder British identities on average than the majority, we besides see that they frequently manage dual identities, quite a than opposing one to the other. Among the majority, individual republic identities such as Scottish or Welsh can be held alongside a British identity, but in many cases seem to substitute for it (CLS).Many believe that the proclivity for minorities to integrate into society is not enough to create a wiz of belonging and ultimately the feeling of Britishness. The desire to be integral to society has to be reciprocated too, in terms of the opportunity to belong to the guinea pig corporation, as well as in terms of socio-economic inclusion. So the long-term intergenerational declension in racism in British society is also an heavy and necessary condition for integration and patriotism (Katwla, 1). Minorities in Great Britain are very active in British society.Katwla claims that at tha t place is a strong pro-integration preference among minorities for civic and political participation, democracy and the rule of law, and most realise the importance of the English language for social, economic and civic inclusion. The acceptance about being British could also be because of the shared history surrounded by Britain and the immigrants home country. In places such as India and Africa, the empire was profoundly rooted into their history. Katwla goes even further to say that The issue is not just claiming a voice in helping to shape a common future.It is also about reminding ourselves that complicated and contested though it certainly was, we sop up shared more history than we think. You can look for and find British Muslim patriotism in reports from the First World War trenches, and not only in the last few years. There is however, a proscribe side to this, as the ethnic minorities are claiming a British identity, many white Britons are claiming another. There i s a growing consternation that the overturn in English national identity is also a rise in hostility towards cultural diversity. So some express the fear that a return to the traditional blood nations will leave the ethnic minorities as the last Brits standing, rallying around a flag that original Brits have deserted (Katwala). There is a weaker sense of British national identity among white Britons. This presumed decline in Britishness can be seen as resulting from one or both of two processes, on the one hand, the English appear to be becoming more English at the outlay of being British. Secondly, the Scots are seen as becoming more Scottish.And a consequent decline in Britishness is assumed (Bechhofer, 252). Devolution has contributed in the decline of a British national identity. The largest marginal effect by a large distance is the effect of being born in blue Ireland this reduces the probability of reporting a British identity by 24%. It is almost certain that this is d riven primarily by Northern Irish Catholics among whom there remains a strong demand to be part of Ireland and not the UK and who think of themselves as Irish rather than British (Manning, F79-F80).Many white Britons are not claiming a national identity and it seems that, for white Britons, the topical anesthetic identity is more important than the national identity. For minorities, it is easier to identity with the national identity because there are no negative connotations associated with it. The British identity allows for the foreigners to get their home identity which they can maintain their ethnic identity. British is a label that unites all hatfuls living in Britain today regardless of color, creed, and nationality (Bechhofer , 256).Immigrants who pass away UK citizens are much more likely to report a British identity and the take-up ofcitizenship might be influenced by a number of factors. First, there are a number of practical advantages to citizenship one has the ev en out to work and vote in the UK and one can travel into the country without the need for a visa Apart from the practical advantages, there whitethorn be more emotional advantages to adopting a British identity. In particular(a) we hypothesize that immigrants may be more likely to express a British identity if Britain compares favorably with the country from which they came (Manning, F93).Minorities in Britain have also assimilated into the culture of being British. There is a large amount of renewal across country of birth in the fraction of immigrants reporting a British identity. For those from Slovakia it is less than 5%, for those from Malta more than 80%. But there is, for the most part, a simple explanation for these very large cross country differences the average amount of time spent in the UK (Manning, F84). It seems that the longer the person stays in the country, the more they will think of themselves as British, Britishness just seems to grow on people. Benedict And erson defines the nation as an imagined community that is territorially limited and united by a deep, horizontal, comradeship between its members. ecstasy Luedtke defines social identity an affective (emotional) state of belonging in a social groupthat stems from extended socialization, and is not easily changed. A national identity, therefore, is the emotional state of belonging felt by citizens towards, and within, the imagined community of their nation ( Kerr, 1).Over the decades there has been an overall decline in the proportion of people who define themselves as British and nationally characterize themselves as Britons. On average, a higher proportion of non-white ethnic minorities tend to call their selves British and relate to the British national identity. In conclusion, assimilation into the British culture has brought about a strong identity for ethnic minorities. The opposite is dead on target for the white British population.On average there has been a decline in clai ming the British national identity and this decline can be pointed to devolution taking place around the United Kingdom. Works Cited BECHHOFER, FRANK, and DAVID McCRONE. Being British A Crisis Of Identity?. Political Quarterly 78. 2 (2007) 251-260. Academic explore Premier. Web. 26 July 2012. Centre for Longitudinal Studies. CLS. ESRC, n. d. Web. 26 July 2012. . Ethnic Minorities More belike to Feel British than White People, Says Research. Mail Online. Associated Newspapers Ltd, 2007. Web. 26 July 2012. . Katwala, Sunder. Why Do Non-white Brits Feel That Little Bit More British? British Future. British Future, 30 June 2012. Web. 26 July 2012. . Kerr, Steve. The Decline of British Identity. E-International Relations. E-international Relations, 13 Apr. 2012. Web. 0 July 2012. . Manning, Alan, and Sanchari Roy. polish Clash Or Culture Club? National Identity In Britain. Economic Journal 120. 542 (2010) F72-F100. Business Source Premier. Web. 30 July 2012. Maxwell, Rahsaan. Natio nal and nonage Identification among Non-whites in Britain Where Is the Tradeoff? Publication. University of Massachusetts, Amherst Department of Political Science, n. d. Web. 26 July 2012.

Hira

Title medication Assignment Name Shaila Sharmin ID 1221771 Course ID genus Mus 101 Course Instractor Nazir Ahmed Section 01 Date 14. 03. 2013 Music is very serious part for a humans being. It refresh humans read/write head. After grievous working alone day multitude indigence to be relax. For much(prenominal) kind of relaxation medicament is the best way. Now I want to tell you ab divulge medicine and why it is important to study medication such as how euphony establish, where from it, why melody becomes very customary to batch over the world and what types of instruments ar need to dictation a beautiful music and excessively the types of music.Music is found in every cognize culture, past and present. Varing widely between successions and places since all populate of the world, including the nearly isolated tribal groups project a abidance of music. Dictionaries and encyclopedias define music as an artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instr umental or vocal t stars in a structured and continuous manner. It is also define as any pleasing and harmonious sound and the sounds produced by singers or musical instruments. Early Music The history of music is very interesting. At initiatory Bengali langu season is come from kolmunda & showtal.Bangle means Shanskrit or Indo European language. Bengali music was found in early period of metre 9 to 18th century A. D. Then it spread out over the world. LanguageCharya GeetiComposer -Musical toneGeeta GovindaExpression & its Aesthetics -Expression -Perception -Religion Charya melody is the earliest song in Bengle. Shidha Charya was the first Bangla music composed by a Buddist. merriment dev was the founder of Geeta Govinda. Geeta Govinda is the dhrupod type melody. It has different types of expressions. Such as rag-ragini. Joydev divided 24 songs in 12 kantos.After Geeta Govinda Bodu Chandidas was founded by Sree krisno kirton. Pandit Hara Prasad sastre invented more than 49 t o 50 composer,they called liquipa. These composer was connect to Dhanjog, Karmajog & ganjog. Medieval Music Time line In the middle age people believe in apparitional among the Bengali people, Hindu religious and Buddist religious. southern and Northern musical instruments were found in the middle age. Music during the middle ages is characterized by the beginning of musical no province as healthful as polyphony. During this time , in that respect were two general types of music styles, the monophonic and the polyphonic.During this period, there were several composers and musicians who largly contributed to how music evolved. twentieth century Music Music during the 20th century bought just intimately many innovations on how music was performed and appreciated. Artists were more volitionally to experiment on new music forms and used technology to recruit their compositions. Types of Music Music is an art form that uses sound as average in time and space. The basic elements of music, rhythm, dynamics and sound properties are discolour and intensity. Music through history had tried to define a tote up of theorists, philosophers, composers and musicians themselves.The very word music derives from the Greek word mousike, which is derived from the word mouse, and people around the world know that as a Latin form of the word music. Music and sound can make human example or instrument which can cause emotional experience. Music reaches further into the past and during this time they develop different styles and genres of music, which is still listening. All styles and genres of music, one thing is commons, and that is to make people happy. Today, music has increasingly spreading and people cant live without music. On this website you can find out what music actually is, its history and its styles and genres.There a lot of different types of music from all over the world. The best-kn protestation types of music are 1. Bengali music 2. Classical music 3. Folk music 4. Indian music a) Southern system & b) Northern system 5. Rock music 6. Western music 7. Latin music 8. Country music 9. Jazz music 10. step up music 11. Metal music 12. Electronic music 13. R & B music and so on. Instruments of Music Amusical instrumentis a device created or adapted to musical sounds. In principle, any intention that producessoundcan be a musical instrument, it is through adjudicate that the object becomes a musical instrument.The history of musical instruments dates back to the beginnings of human culture. The purpose of early musical instruments was ritual. Cultures later true the processes of composing and actingmelodiesfor entertainment. Musical instruments evolved in step with changing applications. The date and origin of the first device considered a musical instrument is dis commited. However, most historians believe that ascertain a specific time of musical instrument invention is impossible due to the subjectivity of the definition an d the relative instability of materials that were used in their construction.Many early musical instruments were made from animal skins, bone, wood, and other non-durable materials. Musical instruments developed independently in many populated regions of the world The classification of musical instruments is a discipline in its own right, and many systems of classification have been used over the geezerhood. One may classify musical instruments by their effective range or their material composition There are different types of instruments used in music. These are 1. Flute 2. Keyboard 3. Tabla 4. Harmony 5. voiced 6. Guitar 7. Setara 8.Bina 9. Tuba 10. Trumpet and so on. Prestigious person in music life In the early music slightly person put a significance on music . Rabindranath Tagore was such kind of person. He (1861-1941) was the youngest son of Debendranath Tagore, a leader of the Brahmo Samaj, which was a new religious faction in nineteenth-century Bengal and which attempte d a revival of the ultimate monistic origination of Hinduism as laid down in the Upanishads.. He was educated at home and although at seventeen he was sent to England for formal schooling, he did not finish his studies there.He converted his Bengali poet into position. Though he was not so good in English language but he did it for his own satisfaction. About the weakness of his English he told his sister-in-law that he had no knowledge about English. In his mature years, in addition to his three-sided literary activities, he managed the family estates, a project which brought him into close touch with common humanity and increased his interest in social reforms. He also started an experimental school at Shantiniketan where he tried his Upanishadic ideals of education.From time to time he participated in the Indian nationalist movement, though in his own non-sentimental and visionary way and Gandhi, the political father of modern India, was his devoted friend. Tagore was knighted by the ruling British Government in 1915, but within a few years he resigned the honour as a protest against British policies in India. Tagore had early success as a author in his native Bengal. With his translations of some of his poems he became rapidly known in the West.In fact his fame attained a luminous height, taking him across continents on lecture tours and tours of friendship. For the world he became the voice of Indias spiritual heritage and for India, modifiedly for Bengal, he became a great living institution. Although Tagore wrote successfully in all literary genres, he was first of all a poet. Among his fifty and special(a) volumes of poetry areManasi(1890) The Ideal One,Sonar Tari(1894) (The Golden Boat),Gitanjali(1910) ( vociferation Offerings),Gitimalya(1914) Wreath of Songs, and Balaka(1916) (The Flight of Cranes).The English renderings of his poetry, which includeThe Gardener(1913),Fruit-Gathering(1916), andThe Fugitive(1921), do not generally fit in to par ticular volumes in the original Bengali and in spite of its title,Gitanjali Song Offerings(1912), the most acclaimed of them, contains poems from other works besides its namesake. He won the Nobel reckon on his creativity (Gitanjali) at 1913. His life style was so simple. He wrote different types of poets, so many songs, drama etc. The Bengali nation is proud for him for such creativity.The importance of music Music participation provides a unique opportunity for literacy preparation. Whether the fryren are singing, playing, or listening, teachers direct them to listen and distinguish in new ways which exercises their aural discrimination. Playing instruments and adding movement to the lessons teaches children about sequential learning which is essential in reading comprehension. Music is academic. For some people, this is the primary reason for providing music lessons to their children. A recent study from the University of atomic number 20 found that music trains the brain for higher forms of thinking.Second graders who were wearn music lessons scored 27% higher on proportional math and fractions tests than children who received no special instruction. Research indicates that musical training permanently wires a young mind for enhanced performance. Music is physical. Music can be described as a sport. Learning to sing and keep rhythm develops coordination. The air and reverse power necessary to blow a flute, trumpet or sax promotes a healthy body. Music is emotional. Music is an art form. We are emotional beings and every child requires an artistic outlet. Music may be your childs vehicle of expression. Music is for life.Most people cant play soccer, or football at 70 or 80 years of age but they can sing. And they can play piano or some other instrument. Music is a gift you can give your child that will last their entire lives. Every person should present the course of music appreciation. Because it helps people to gain their knowledge and also peopl e can relax from mental or other types of distress modern research has found that music uses both sides of the brain, a fact that makes it blue-chip in all areas of development. Music affects the growth of a childs brain academically, emotionally, physically and spiritually.. So people have to know about music.

Disadvantages to Patriot Act

Disadvantages to the Patriot act (USAPA) There argon six f righteousnesss to the act that was passed into law on October 26th, 2001 It takes a bureau civil rights, by doing so it destroys the definition of what it core to be an American Citizen (talkradio101, 2010) . The feeling is that by destroying our way of life is the shell way to reward or give victory to the terrorist (topix, 2012) . Secondly, Constitutional protections ar forayd, the U. S. Constitution is the most lasting, well-written document, and this is why our nation has become the most favored nation (talkradio101, 2010) .People from all over the world have migrated here for the granting immunity of religious practice, now you can be tracked to your place of idolize which violates the 1st Am expiryment violation), you can be held without trial, without representation or facing the witnesses against them which are violations of the 6th and 7th Amendments. Third is potential for abhorrence by authentic admini stration and future administrations, this War on Terror potentially has no end there will not be a cast off fire or peace treaty signed to officially end the war like in nation-vs. nation wars (talkradio101, 2010) . This means that the time of hazard will never end and that the government will continue to violate our rights (NPR, 2012) . Fourthly is the act increases the possibility for racial profiling or other(a) means of discrimination and harassment, we have many law-abiding loyal Americans who are of Arab decent, have Muslim Beliefs and work in high profile careers, much(prenominal) as nuclear scientist and biowepons experts (NPR, 2012) .We have come a long way in our many civil rights abuses of the past and something like this could cause a detrimental slip backwards for our nations (talkradio101, 2010) . Fifth flaw is the use of gathered cultivation by government for non-terror/political purposes, this information could be utilise for blackmail, embarrassment of riv als to further a career or gain the upper hand in a political race. This information could be utilize to bring down anyone who would chose to speak out against the country or regular someone in political power.Lastly all of the first flaws could lead to the abuse of Muslims and other groups causing a shift in viable sources of information to locate terrorist and possibly creating new terrorist (topix, 2012) (NPR, 2012) . Works Cited NPR. (2012, October 29). NPR. org. Retrieved from www. npr. org www. npr. org/news/specials/patriotact/patriotactprovisions. html talkradio101. (2010, may 18). Retrieved from www. talkradio101. com http//www. talkradio101. com topix. (2012, October 29). www. topix. com. Retrieved from Topix. com www. topix. com/forum/us/patriot-act/TUPOA5NOIQKIFN8FE/p3

What Are the 6 Defensive Positions in Football and basketball Essay

Footb each vs. Basket dinner gownIntroduction Sports have always been mouldfulness and exciting for around people. It is always fun to practice and play with separate people. Each and every week, millions of people tune in to watch their deary sports, but some do non recognize the difference in the midst of one sport to an otherwise. Usually, each game has its own structure, which make it be given the name it is known for. This paper focuses on the difference among foot thumping and hoops as forms of sport. Basket crackpot is governed by the Federation of internationalist Basket Ball intimacy (FIBA). The body was created in 1932. FIBA regulates and control all matters concerning the game in the cosmos. In contrast, the body that governs and runs soccer activities in the macrocosm was formed in 1904, which is a Federation of International football Association (FIFA). Moreover, it organizes international soccer matches, including World cup and in addition approves the facilities and equipments employ world wide. It also funds soccer organization for promotion of the game and bring back the rules for the management of soccer all over the world. The content of play of football game is a 120 by 100 yards where it is unremarkably marked for positioning, such(prenominal) as the union circle where it is used for awarding a deliver off during the start of the game.. It also has a goal line, which is the shorter boundary of the field for awarding a goal kick, corner kick and a goal. It also has a penalty argona where penalty kick is awarded. Generally, the field is cover by grass. On the other hand, the hoops game has a playing judicial system, which is 28meters in length and 15 meters in width. The field is supposed to be flat, hard, bulge out free from obstructions. Just like a football it has a center circle, but in basketball it is used for awarding a take up ball during the start of the game. In football, the duration of play bes of deuce live closures of 45minutes whereby after the first period the players argon awarded a half multiplication of 15minutes. After the second play period, if thither is a tie on that point are awarded an extra time of two halfs of 30minutes. But the game is usually played in 90minutes. In contrast, basketball game is played in four periods of 10minutes each where the interval of 2minutes between the first and the second period is awarded, which become the first half, and third and fourth period, which form the second half. If there is a tie an extra 5minute is awarded at the end of playing time. winning into account the ball that is used to play football, it is supposed to deal not slight than 410-450 grams having a circumference of not more than 70centimenters and not less than 68centimenters and a pressure equal to 0.6 to 1.1atmospheres sea level. In contrast the ball that is used to play basketball should have a circumference not less than 74.9 centimeters and not more than 78 centimeters. The ball should also weigh not less than 567-650 grams, and have enough pressure. Though both teams has players, they are whole different. In football, a match is played by two teams whereby each team consists not more than 11 players, one of whom is the goalie and triad substitutes may be used, which is a maximum in an ordained competition. Moreover, a football match may not start if all team consists of fewer than 7 players. In basketball, a team should consist of twelve registered players, but only five are supposed to play in the field of play magic spell the others are substitutes. A basketball cannot begin if one of the team is not on the playing court with five players ready to play. Nevertheless, in a basketball match, it is a must(prenominal) for all the players to tuck in their shirts while in a football match, it is not a must for the players to tuck in their shirts. Also, there is no goalkeeper in a basketball match. In basketball the ball player is required to bounce the ball repeatedly as he/she is moving with hands, this is called dribbling. In football if the ball is muck upd with legs. A fumble is the loss of possession of the ball by the player. In football the ball is not supposed to be touched by hand by the players. The goalkeeper is the only person who is supposed to touch the ball with hands, and inwardly his or her region and guided by several rules. In contrast, basketball asks hands whereby the player uses their hands to score, throw or score a goal. When a goal is scored by a player, the player is awarded either common chord points, one or two points depending on the position of the scorekeeper. Also, it is considered to be a goal if the ball wholly enters with the ring and passes through the net. However, in football, a goal is considered to be a goal, regardless of the position of the scorer as long as he or she has not act a foul or violated the rules of the game and the ball has passe d through the goal line between the two goal posts. Nevertheless, if the referee is not able to detect who committed a foul in football the players are awarded a drop ball to continue with the game while in basketball the umpire awards a jump ball. Football and basketball have both very different play styles. Football involve full-contact sport, with tackles, blocking, and collision in every single play. In football the most common reason a player leaves the game is because of an injury. On the other hand, in basketball contact between players is prohibited. It is a non-contact sport and each contact is considered to be a foul. Football players will get many more hits in the face than basketball players. Football is more associated with bestial force, strength, and speed fictional character sport, while basketball is a skill type sport along with strength and speed. Moreover, basketball uniform consists of shirts of the same color, numbered 4-15 in the fronts and the back. In f ootball, they wear shirts or jersey with sleeves and usually labeled on the back. Though every team has officials who rule over the game, the officials are exceedingly different. In football, there is the center referee, the assistant referee and the linesmen. These are the officials who lack the ongoing of the game, rule over and directs the entire game. In basketball, there are one or two umpires who overlook the ongoing game. These people make water together with an assistant scorer, a timer, 24 seconds operator who also oversees the pass along of the game in the field. It has many officials who watch the ongoing match than in football team, which can be played in the presence of three officials. Moreover, considering the technical equipment of every team, there are different equipment used during the game. During basketball matches, there must be a foul marker, which consists of 1-5, a 24 second operating device, scoreboard and a game clock. On the other hand, a footba ll match must have a coin used to determine the team that will start the game, which is done by tossing of a coin, a whistle, a scoring card and a pencil. In conclusion, sports are always different from each other, considering the structure, players, the field and the officials of the game. It is for this reason that we see different games be played differently. The difference between football and basketball is totally different from the starting of the game, players, field, structures and so on. Also, sometimes the supports of the games differ since there are always taste and preference.ReferencesAlder, James. What Are the 6 Defensive Positions in Football? About. N.p., N.d. Web. 2012. .Basketball Positions. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 28 Sept. 2014. Web. 02 Oct. 2014. .National Football League Regular season. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 09 Aug. 2014. Web. 02 Oct. 2014..The coaching Staff in American Football. For Dummies. N.p., N.d. Web. 02 Oct. 2014. .The Differen ces Between Football and Basketball. A Sea Of Blue. N.p., N.d. Web. 09 October. 2012. .Source documentss

Girl with green eyes Essay

It hardly needs a commentary that a word-painting Girl with green eyeball is not just a standardized drama which tells a story of unhappy adore. It would be no overstatement to stress that it is a great masterpiece of cinematography. Girl with green eyes was released in 1964 and it was an innovation introduced by the debutant director Desmond Davis. He not exactly narrated a story, common to the 60s, ab turn up a countrified fille who has a burning ambition to conquer the urban c lay, but made a lately plunge into the characters of his main heroes. The scene is based on Edna OBriens novella The Lonely Girl and is a t block offer, touching and humorous superficial drama of a lonely Irish girl. It is about Kate Brady (starring Rita Tushingham), a nave, insecure young girl who lives on the family farm in Dublin. The girl wants to escape from this country convent and run away into a big city and change her life. She rooms with another girl Baba Brenan (Lynn Redgrave) who is a lot distinguishable than Kate. Heroine appears to be a quite and reserved young lady. The character of Kate in this movie is genuinely complex. In the beginning of it she is a gawky rural girl from the catholic family with high morals. However, she has a strong urge to enter the modern world. The 60s epoch is shown in the movie and Kate and her whizz ar trying to become a part of it, they go out to the rock n roll clubs and date with boys. Even though Kate use to be very shy back at home straight off she grows up into another person. The friends meet a middle aged source Eugene Gaillard (Peter Finch). Kate and Eugene broach going out. For Kate it seems like her dream is going to come true.They start to live together and at first Kate cherishes every moment they acquire together. She believes in miracles and hopes that it is hers. She makes the first step in their relationship with Eugene. She invites him for tea. Thats where everything started from. The scenes where Kate at tempts to retract Eugenes attention are among the best in this movie. It looks very valued when the immature girl, assisted by her friend, tries to get acquainted with an older man. And thus their first affected endeavor of love-making, their fulfillment of a simply necessity love and then the tensions of possessiveness and boredom that this fulfillment brings. As director, Desmond Davis is a very talented professional. He was especially good at making the scenes, where Kate is festering up. He shows how her facial expression, speech and mood change. When she arrived in the city her garb were tike. With every episode we witness some outside transformations as strong as the inside transformations.Director brilliantly shows the alteration of her character. Simple provincial naive girl grows into a young woman with complicated feelings. When she meets Eugene, we emphatically know shes childish (in positive sense of this word). Her looks express her fidelity, love and tendernes s to her, so to say, master. However, later the changes on Kates face are come acrossable in every episode, when she talks with Eugene. Her lovely smile appears less(prenominal) and less. Operator zooms in her look in every single tickler. Kates family finds out by an anonymous letter that she has an affair with a married man. Her father comes to Kates work and tries to persuade Kate to return home, she shows real resolution of her intensions and refuses to leave Eugene. That is the part, where she acts not like a childish girl, but as a serious woman. In this scene, she is confident and certain of her deeds, even though she was going against her fathers will and resisting the catholic duties. We can notice how Kate fights inside of her soul with all these factors and tries to find the right answer. After the edulcorate moon period some friction appears in Kate and Eugenes relationship. The cinema was shot in the way, for the audience to deep in Kates thoughts on with her and it seems like they are real. Everything around freezes, dies down, when she recalls her home. Director shows peace around in moments like this. But there is reality and it all finally comes to the end when Eugenes wife reappears and the couple is forced to confront the reality of what is go away of their relationship. She leaves him and heads for London. This movie became such a success mainly because of an artful exploit of Rita Tushingham, the leading actress. She was so fluent with her facial expressions and her every move and movement made sense. It seems that she became this volatile girl, full of controversy, where aggression meets with generosity and selfishness with honesty and hope. This film is full of emotions and impressions. Thats what makes it so bright and colorful, even though it is a black-and-white picture.SourcesCrowthersley, 1964, http//movies2.nytimes.com/mem/movies/reviewDesmond Davis, dir., Girl with green eyes, Lopert Pictures, 1964

Admissions MBA

I loafer vividly remember how happy I am to do trade-ins with my friends and siblings when I am still a kid. Every time I give care something which my friends or siblings wear, I try to convey them to trade in to what I bind. With small and simple talks, I able to make them compromise to what I have offered. Unknowingly, that simple gesture already foretold of what I would be bid when I become an adult which is to do business.I am a ammonium alum of computer science and hold a masters ground level in the aforementioned course but the interest that I have with MBA has never subsided. I am very much interested in MBA with concentration in Management.MBA or Master of Business Administration is everyones dream. It is an achievement for an individual to finish this masters degree. I have a number of reasons why I want to do an MBA.It is essentially for my self-improvement however I have five reasons that are on my top list. First thing is, I firmly believe that MBA class would all ow me to have further studies that would enhance my knowledge and skills related to to the theatre of operations of my specialization thus, it go out get me updated to any recent buzz related to this field.Secondly, MBA offers a lot of opportunities especially we are in this modern and free-enterprise(a) world where everyone must has its own edge to cope the competition thus it is an edge for me if I have an MBA. Thirdly, MBA ensures excellence and eminence business cultivation that equips individuals to be competitive and perform tasks efficiently.The fourth one is it gives me more opportunities to be exposed to different subjects such as economics, international business, marketing, finance and etc. that I dont learn in my previous studies and I have the chance to concentrate on my chosen area of specialization.The survive one would be, MBA does not only equip me academically but it would transfigure my perspectives in life through the rigid training and studies that I wi ll be going through.

Drama assessment on dennis kellys ‘DNA’

Lea being the main narrator, sat up on her knees, Inviting the audience In to listen and gainmed more comforting and engaged, whereas Phil communicated with the audience with the inadequacy of focus and response, masking have AR away Phil in truth is to mind Leashs thoughts and feelings. The actors facial nerve features were kept very minimal, neural expressions which showed no emotion allowing the early(a) two acknowledgment to really communicate and show the audience what they really think and feel.We did this to support our Interpretation of the characters and what we got from the symbolise which was that Lea had deep feelings for Phil, which he took for granted. I played Leashs conscience, alongside.. , who played Phials. I and Walked up to all(prenominal) other hesitantly, showing the lack of communication between the characters as their faint-hearted of their relationship. We help our hands out towards each other after we had garbled to communicate through the use of gesture, to the audience that we do truly accept each other, we just cant show it.This was my idea, and I think it was successful because I really wanted to show to the audience the true feelings of the two characters and I think this was a good moment to communicate with the audience. I contrasted with savor of voice, as she uses a soft yet pleading tone, I resolve to it with an aggressive tug of Cams arm, silently beginning him to respond. Leashs self-conscious, in coherent character and Phials stubborn blindness, tops them communication, and I believe this is why their relationship is so strained and unclear. Asked us to enter the stage one by one, and to construct a still image of a character, showing them at the bound and end of the play. We had to then bring our image to life, using role play to show what we would have thought at those points. I was playing Brian, a miss interpreted character, which didnt get enough attention even though the situation was clearly aff ecting him in a strong physiological level. For my first still image I stood with a slouch, protectively wrapping my arms around my odd, by lowering onto a smaller level, symbolizes Briars picture and scared nature.Avoiding eye contact too communicate with the audience, showing how awkward Brain was, repeating l cant go In there and l feel guilty, stuttering my words. By slurring and stuttering the words shows the audience that Im not an overly surefooted character and the pressure and guilt Is getting too much for me, communicating my feelings and status within the group, formulation things Like they cant deliver me go in their again, showing that the rest of the group takes advantage of his weak nature, which Is showed passim the play. On the other hand, when . Wowed his Interpretation, he showed Brian forcefully splitting out his words, showing his distaste towards the other characters In the play, glaring at the audience, communicating via facial expression, whereas I rel ied on my body language. After delivering my narration, I used a melting machine to change my Briars over eager, UN naturalistic character in contrast to the serious situation he was in. At the end of the play, youre intercommunicate of Briars diagnosed mental issue, so I tried to communicate that with over enthusiastic body moment and gestures, to express the erratic state of his mind.It was intriguing to see where the characters ended up after being involved in murder, and Briars depend has got to be the almost shocking and legit, Dennis Kelly is clever with the way he shows his character. lam asked us to get into larger groups to perform a conscious driveway to show Phials inner battle for his decision to kill Adam. My group was the most effective as we added various bits of narration in the mist of any(prenominal) role playing in unison. I was on the side which was difficult to skillfully persuade Phil to choose the moral decision, too not killWe started sour with the l ights off, eliminating the audiences senses, all laughing in high pitches, moving around the blocks to make the audience vulnerable, communicating Adams feelings which he would of felt when he woke up with the woods surrounding him. I silenced the laughing and the darkness by saying the line So however you been living? , a seemingly innocent, naturalistic question, which then .. Elaborates and turns the scene from Statisticians inspired to Retard in a rapidly change of pace, which is heightened with the rest of us hitting the block and our legs and add a form of an ritual.

Energy Drinks Essay

Introduction Sir Isaac northward was right when he saidwhat goes up mustiness come refine . This rings true when talking about competency crisps. These intersections promise to endure heightened aw atomic number 18ness, more than postcode, more endurance more or less horizontal reference to the eliminater you bequeath save wings. So when consuming these mathematical products what atomic number 18 you re whole toldy potable? Do they ply the button hiking they promise? argon they ruinous? Should the FDA do more johnvas into the prophylactic of these so-called animation rackets? These atomic number 18 questions I had going into this as a put one overr of cipher drinks myself, I was interested in how harmful they argon too the consumer.In this report I wish to earmark a better insight to a product that is normal and in demand but little is know about. What Are You tipsiness? postal code drinks incorporate just about of the same major(ip) ingredients c affein, taurine, glucronolact single, niacin and genus Panax ginseng just to list a few. permits crop up with caffein it is a central nervous ashes stimulant that has the set up of temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring alertness. As of studies through by (Lovett, Richard) 90% of adults consume caffeine daily in antithetical ways. Most of the cipher from these drinks comes from the popsicle and caffeine non the unnecessary extras (Suzanne Farrell MS, RD).taurine another briny ingredient is actually an amino acid that is found in the homo body it is a raw(a) substance that our visible systems encounter either daylight. except in these strength drinks it is a artificial element. Then in that location is Ginseng is known as an adaptogen, which means it enlarges electrical resistance to physical, chemical, and biological distort and builds nil and general vitality. These atomic number 18 just a couple of the things in what seems to be in a lot of the verve drinks. The rest of the scientific sounding ingredients came up to be not pertinent to the effect these drinks promise. beverage (250 ml) Caffeine content Cocaine free naught drink 280mg Full pop off 144mg Monster 160mg Impulse 88 mg wild Bull 80 mg Naughty Boy 80mg V 78 mg Coca-Cola 48. 75 mg Do These Drinks Provide The Effects They foretell? Most drinks provide almost combination of B vitamins (which help transfer start to heftiness and help regulate red course cells, which communicate oxygen), amino acids (e. g. , taurine), antioxidants(milk thisle, vitamin C), and stimulants, ranging from the real (caffeine, guarana) to the alleged (horny goat weed). Yes, they do.Smit and colleagues found that zipper drinks, as compared to placebo, had energizing impinge on among 18 to 55 year old participants, with make being strongest 30 to 60 minutes after consumption and sustained at to the lowest degree 90 minutes. Caffeine was found to be the primary ele ction constituent responsible for these effects. Although on that point is no human requirement for caffeine, still low doses of caffeine (12. 5 to 100 mg) improve cognitive feat and fancy (Smit HJ). Be make believe this is hitherto oftentimes(prenominal) an understudied topic it is hard to phrase that these drinks provide the effect they promise.The event is caffeine fixs e realone different due to age, size, tolerance, consumption and drop of sleep all these things contribute to how these drinks forget affect you. Are They offensive? This question was the one I was most interested in there is so some(prenominal) controversy around this question. M whatever energy drinks have a very lofty percentage of carbohyd lays that weed buoy make it more difficult for intellectual nourishment and nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream from the in riseines. In some cases, gastrointestinal problems and hurt are a possibility.When an energy drink has a racy lucre cont ent, it atomic number 50 have a laxative effect, as well as causing a sudden crash when the sugar leaves the bloodstream and the energy high disappears. Researchers found that within four hours of drinking various energy drinks, the 15 participants blood pressure rates increase approximately 10 percent for the systolic rate, 8 percent for the diastolic rate and nubble rates increased 11 percent (Wayne bow university study). When hark backn to test rats in an experimental laboratory, it was found that the taurine caused anxiety, irritability, high sensitivity to noise, and self-mutilations.However, this selective testifyation does not mean that the same effects pass on occur in humans the differences between rats and stack are obviously substantial. That to me seems sort of scary. The Australian Consumers Association advises that spell energy drinks may be scientifically safe, unripe people especially need to be informed of their contents. Research shows that children and unexampled people who consume energy drinks may deport sleep problems, bed-wetting and anxiety. Children who consume two or more enkindles of energy drinks a day may become irritable and anxious.Women who are pregnant are advised to countermand energy drinks (especially during the first three months of pregnancy), as high amounts of caffeine gutter increase the risk of miscarriage, difficult birth and saving of low-weight babies. (Australian Consumers Association) Drinking these drinks while consuming alcohol goat also be very harmful there have been reports of young people dying, maybe as a result of mixing of alcohol and energy drinks. also Since the absorption of nutrients is long-playing there is a large chance that the unsound absorption rate of the body is also slower.Difficulty in natural re-hydration of the body during workouts can cause danger to the persons health. Athletes, who suffer great quantities of fluids during games and practices, should be aware of t his circumstance for they are one of the localise markets of energy drinks. Should The FDA Do More Investigating As To The Safety Of vitality Drinks? Regulation of foods and drugs in the United States falls under the guidance of the nutrient and dose disposition under the Federal viands, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA). operative foods, standardised energy drinks, may be set as foods, dietetical supplements, drugs, medical foods or food for special dietary use.Though energy drinks have many a(prenominal) another(prenominal) of the same qualities as soft drinks, which are regulated as foods, they are regulated differently because the functional beverage perseverance is part of the stylus of nutraceutical foods that occupies the gray area between food and dietary supplements. Dietary supplements are generally characterized as foods, despite their drug-like properties and their lack of testing on the market. The U. S. Food and Drug Administration have not conducted any seri ous investigations into the safety of energy drinks.As dietary supplements, energy drinks are subject to much(prenominal) less stringent regulations than other foodstuffs. However authorized nations limit the locations that can sell energy drinks. Other countries require archetype approximates on one-on-one cans of energy drinks. Still other countries have issued subject statements regarding their safety. Some countries, much(prenominal) as Canada, have not yet ratified certain energy drinks for sale. So shouldnt the FDA take a imminent look as to how these drinks are labeled and marketed and shouldnt there be more investigating as to its effects on their consumer.Conclusion As a consumer of at least two if not more teras energy drinks a day I found the information was easily to know. I do conceptualise that the FDA needs to make it where they do inform the consumer of the risks on the label especially because these drinks are very popular in teens. After all that I found I find it kindle that the public is so misinformed about all the ingredients in these drinks because really the caffeine is what is giving them the boost not all the scientific sounding ingredients.I think that it is most important for consumers to know that when taking in such high levels of caffeine you allow go up but you must come down.Bibliography Lovett, Richard (24 kinfolk 2005). Coffee The demon drink? (Fee required). New Scientist (2518). http//www. newscientist. com/article. ns? id=mg18725181. 700. Retrieved 2009-08-03. Suzanne Farrell, MS, RD, a spokeswoman for the American dietetical Association. Webmd. com Smit HJ, Rogers PJ Effects of low doses of caffeine on cognitive performance, mood and propensity in low and high caffeine consumers.Psychopharmacology 2000, 152167-173. William J. McGuire, the Communication-Persuasion lesson and Health-Risk Labeling, in intersection Labeling and Health Risks Bichler A, Swenson A, Harris MA A combination of caffeine and tauri ne has no effect on short term memory but induces changes in heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure. Amino Acids 2006 http//www. naturalhealthontheweb. com Australian Drug Foundations Druginfo Clearinghouse. http//www. redbull. com/faq/index. html. http//www. safefoodonline. com/news/n_190302. asp.Monster energy http//www. monsterenergy. com/product/energy. php www. fda. gov wellnessandnutrition. com edrinks. net Smit HJ, Rogers PJ Effects of low doses of caffeine on cognitive performance, mood and thirst in low and higher caffeine consumers. Psychopharmacology 2000, 152167-173. http//www. naturalhealthontheweb. com Australian Drug Foundations Druginfo Clearinghouse. http//www. redbull. com/faq/index. html. http//www. safefoodonline. com/news/n_190302. asp Monster energy http//www. monsterenergy. com/product/energy. phpIntroduction Sir Isaac Newton was right when he saidwhat goes up must come down . This rings true when talking about energy drinks. These products promise to provide heightened awareness, more energy, more endurance some even reference to the consumer you will have wings. So when consuming these products what are you really drinking? Do they provide the energy boost they promise? Are they harmful? Should the FDA do more investigating into the safety of these so-called energy drinks? These are questions I had going into this as a consumer of energy drinks myself, I was interested in how harmful they are too the consumer.In this paper I hope to provide a better insight to a product that is popular and in demand but little is known about. What Are You Drinking? Energy drinks contain most of the same major ingredients caffeine, taurine, glucronolactone, niacin and panax ginseng just to list a few. Lets start with caffeine it is a central nervous system stimulant that has the effect of temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring alertness. As of studies done by (Lovett, Richard) 90% of adults consume caffeine daily in different ways. Mos t of the energy from these drinks comes from the sugar and caffeine not the unnecessary extras (Suzanne Farrell MS, RD).Taurine another main ingredient is actually an amino acid that is found in the human body it is a natural substance that our bodily systems encounter every day. However in these energy drinks it is a synthetic element. Then there is Ginseng is known as an adaptogen, which means it increases resistance to physical, chemical, and biological stress and builds energy and general vitality. These are just a couple of the things in what seems to be in a lot of the energy drinks. The rest of the scientific sounding ingredients came up to be not relevant to the effects these drinks promise.Beverage (250 ml) Caffeine content Cocaine energy drink 280mg Full Throttle 144mg Monster 160mg Impulse 88 mg Red Bull 80 mg Naughty Boy 80mg V 78 mg Coca-Cola 48. 75 mg Do These Drinks Provide The Effects They Promise? Most drinks provide some combination of B vitamins (which he lp convert sugar to energy and help regulate red blood cells, which deliver oxygen), amino acids (e. g. , taurine), antioxidants(milk thisle, vitamin C), and stimulants, ranging from the reliable (caffeine, guarana) to the alleged (horny goat weed). Yes, they do.Smit and colleagues found that energy drinks, as compared to placebo, had energizing effects among 18 to 55 year old participants, with effects being strongest 30 to 60 minutes after consumption and sustained at least 90 minutes. Caffeine was found to be the primary constituent responsible for these effects. Although there is no human requirement for caffeine, even low doses of caffeine (12. 5 to 100 mg) improve cognitive performance and mood (Smit HJ). Because this is still such an understudied topic it is hard to say that these drinks provide the effect they promise.The fact is caffeine affects everyone different due to age, size, tolerance, consumption and lack of sleep all these things contribute to how these drinks will affect you. Are They Harmful? This question was the one I was most interested in there is so much controversy around this question. Many energy drinks have a very high percentage of carbohydrates that can make it more difficult for food and nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream from the intestines. In some cases, gastrointestinal problems and distress are a possibility.When an energy drink has a high sugar content, it can have a laxative effect, as well as causing a sudden crash when the sugar leaves the bloodstream and the energy high disappears. Researchers found that within four hours of drinking various energy drinks, the 15 participants blood pressure rates increased approximately 10 percent for the systolic rate, 8 percent for the diastolic rate and heart rates increased 11 percent (Wayne state university study). When given to test rats in an experimental laboratory, it was found that the taurine caused anxiety, irritability, high sensitivity to noise, and self-mutila tions.However, this data does not mean that the same effects will occur in humans the differences between rats and people are obviously substantial. That to me seems sort of scary. The Australian Consumers Association advises that while energy drinks may be scientifically safe, young people especially need to be aware of their contents. Research shows that children and young people who consume energy drinks may suffer sleep problems, bed-wetting and anxiety. Children who consume two or more cans of energy drinks a day may become irritable and anxious.Women who are pregnant are advised to avoid energy drinks (especially during the first three months of pregnancy), as high amounts of caffeine can increase the risk of miscarriage, difficult birth and delivery of low-weight babies. (Australian Consumers Association) Drinking these drinks while consuming alcohol can also be very harmful there have been reports of young people dying, possibly as a result of mixing of alcohol and energy dr inks. Also Since the absorption of nutrients is slower there is a large chance that the fluid absorption rate of the body is also slower.Difficulty in natural re-hydration of the body during workouts can cause danger to the persons health. Athletes, who lose great quantities of fluids during games and practices, should be aware of this circumstance for they are one of the target markets of energy drinks. Should The FDA Do More Investigating As To The Safety Of Energy Drinks? Regulation of foods and drugs in the United States falls under the guidance of the Food and Drug Administration under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA). Functional foods, like energy drinks, may be regulated as foods, dietary supplements, drugs, medical foods or food for special dietary use.Though energy drinks have many of the same qualities as soft drinks, which are regulated as foods, they are regulated differently because the functional beverage industry is part of the trend of nutraceutical fo ods that occupies the gray area between food and dietary supplements. Dietary supplements are generally characterized as foods, despite their drug-like properties and their lack of testing on the market. The U. S. Food and Drug Administration have not conducted any serious investigations into the safety of energy drinks.As dietary supplements, energy drinks are subject to much less stringent regulations than other foodstuffs. However certain nations limit the locations that can sell energy drinks. Other countries require warning labels on individual cans of energy drinks. Still other countries have issued national statements regarding their safety. Some countries, such as Canada, have not yet approved certain energy drinks for sale. So shouldnt the FDA take a closer look as to how these drinks are labeled and marketed and shouldnt there be more investigating as to its effects on their consumer.Conclusion As a consumer of at least two if not more monster energy drinks a day I found t he information was nigh(a) to know. I do think that the FDA needs to make it where they do inform the consumer of the risks on the label especially because these drinks are very popular in teens. After all that I found I find it interesting that the public is so misinformed about all the ingredients in these drinks because really the caffeine is what is giving them the boost not all the scientific sounding ingredients.I think that it is most important for consumers to know that when taking in such high levels of caffeine you will go up but you must come down. Bibliography Lovett, Richard (24 September 2005). Coffee The demon drink? (Fee required). New Scientist (2518). http//www. newscientist. com/article. ns? id=mg18725181. 700. Retrieved 2009-08-03. Suzanne Farrell, MS, RD, a spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association. Webmd. com Smit HJ, Rogers PJ Effects of low doses of caffeine on cognitive performance, mood and thirst in low and higher caffeine consumers.Psychopharmac ology 2000, 152167-173. William J. McGuire, the Communication-Persuasion Model and Health-Risk Labeling, in Product Labeling and Health Risks Bichler A, Swenson A, Harris MA A combination of caffeine and taurine has no effect on short term memory but induces changes in heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure. Amino Acids 2006 http//www. naturalhealthontheweb. com Australian Drug Foundations Druginfo Clearinghouse. http//www. redbull. com/faq/index. html. http//www. safefoodonline. com/news/n_190302. aspMonster energy http//www. monsterenergy. com/product/energy. php www. fda. gov wellnessandnutrition. com edrinks. net Smit HJ, Rogers PJ Effects of low doses of caffeine on cognitive performance, mood and thirst in low and higher caffeine consumers. Psychopharmacology 2000, 152167-173. http//www. naturalhealthontheweb. com Australian Drug Foundations Druginfo Clearinghouse. http//www. redbull. com/faq/index. html. http//www. safefoodonline. com/news/n_190302. asp Monster energy ht tp//www. monsterenergy. com/product/energy. php www. fda. gov..Energy drinks EssayEnergy drinks are beverages that can be used to supplement energy and concentration. It contains several ingredients, some good others bad. They contain ingredients such as caffeine, guarana, taurine and many more. comm just they are beneficial, but when taken in large amounts some ingredients can cause unwelcome side effects. Many people consume energy drinks for enjoyment and the extra kick of energy for the day, but they are not aware of the hidden ingredients that can cause illness.In my opinion I believe that energy drinks are dangerous because they can cause illness, children and teenagers will be affected by the drink and the horrible side effects. The case of energy drink might convince you that it is are fine to drink but most of us are unaware of the hidden dangers. Those dangers can put anyone at risk of illness. Energy drinks contain high amounts of sugar similar to soft drink but energy drinks also contain high amounts of caffeine and taurine.Taurine is an amino acid that your body of course produces. It helps regulate heartbeat, muscle contractions, and energy levels. But when there is too much taurine in our bodies, it can make some body move overactive, like platelets. Platelets are found in the blood stream and they are very important to the body. They help to clot blood when there is a cut. The sugar makes the platelets overactive which makes them stick together and cause blood clots. This increase risk of heart related disease.In the US a microscopic was conducted, they found that there is a link between the consumption of energy drinks and heart disease or high blood pressure. The researchers found rosy adults who drank two cans of a popular energy drink a day had above normal blood pressure and heart rate. Not further does it affect us both physical and mentally, it can affect children and teens who consume energy drinks. Children and teenagers dont kn ow what they are consuming and the affect it has on the body.You may see children or teens consuming energy drinks at sporting events instead of sport drinks, to boost energy levels. We may think that energy drinks and sports drinks are the same, but theyre not. Sport drinks provide only carbohydrate and salts to replace those lost in sweat, whilst energy drinks give acting(prenominal) boost of energy. This may not sound bad but it will affect them over the long term. Like a child scummy with diabetes should not continue drinking energy drinks because the sugars in them can cause an imbalance of insulin.Even the Daily Telegraph thinks that energy drinks are unsafe because it can link to severe illness. The Daily Telegraph has reported Energy drinks could be dangerous for children and teenagers, The newspaper said that the use of high-caffeine drinks has been linked to seizures, mania, byzant and sudden death. Energy drinks can effect children and teenagers and also give people flagitious side effects. Some people are not aware that energy drinks can give awful side effects after consumption.There are many side effects that can occur after drinking like vomiting, nausea, and hallucinations. Many ingredients inside energy drinks cause some people allergy reactions. There are many effects that can make people gain weight like people who dont exercise. The mayo clinic says that sugar intake has a direct correlation with weight gain, especially for people who dont exercise. But it can get worse, if energy drinks are drank with alcohol, it can make you pass out or get seriously hurt.Energy can drinks can make people sick from the dreadful side effects. However energy drinks create enjoyment among people, it has good taste and contains some good vitamins and herbs like vitamin B, ginseng, ginkgo Biloba and Antioxidants which are good for the body. To finish like to say that we should reconsider drinking energy because they can cause illness, young people will b e affected and they can give people terrible side effects.

Last Sacrifice Chapter Twenty

YOU SHOULD SLEEP. Sydneys soft voice nearly made me leap taboo of my skin, proving that notwith stand up man in Lissas mind, I could still stay alert. I tuned foul to Sonyas dark accompaniment room. Aside from Sydney, ein truth function was quiet and at peace.You sapidity resembling the walking dead, she continued. And I dont say that lightly.Ive got to stay on watch, I project tongue to.Ill watch. You sleep.Youre not trained equal me, I pointed kayoed. You might miss something.Even I wouldnt miss Strigoi beating down the door, she replied. Look, I watch along you guys ar tough. You dont pee to convince me. save I attain a feeling things are exhalation to bond harder, and I dont want you passing pop at some crucial moment. If you sleep now, you can relieve Dimitri later.Only the on the wholeude of Dimitri made me give in. We would need to relieve all(prenominal) other eventually. So, reluctantly, I crawled into Sydneys bed on the floor, giving her all sorts of i nstructions that I nonplus back she rolled her eyeball at. I fell asleep almost forthwith and wherefore woke up just as quickly when I hear the sound of a door closing.I immediately sat up regenerate, expecting to absorb Strigoi busting down the door. Instead, I found sunshinelight creeping in through the windows and Sydney watching me with amusement. In the living room, Robert was sitting up on the couch, guide his eyeball. victor was bygone. I saturnine to Sydney in alarm.Hes in the bathroom, she express, anticipating my question.That was the sound Id comprehend. I exhaled in relief and stood up, surprised at how even a a couple of(prenominal) hours of sleep had energized me. If I only had food, Id be ready for anything. Sonya didnt have any, of course, only when I settled for a glass of water in the kitchen. As I stood at that place drinking, I noticed that the Dashkov brothers had made themselves at stead coats hanging on hooks, car keys on the counter. I qui etly grabbed moderate of the keys and abuseed for Sydney.She came in, and I slipped her the keys, trying not to let them rattle.Do you still bop about cars? I murmured.In one exquisite look, she told me that was a pitiable and insulting question. Okay. taper you go do a grocery process? Were going to need food. And whitethornbe on your way out, you can, um, nock authorized their car has engine trouble or something? Anything that commemorates it here. But not something obvious, homogeneous slashed tires.She put the keys in her pocket. Easy. Got any food requests?I approximation about it. Something with sugar. And c impinge onee for Dimitri.Coffees a given, she verbalize. winner tempoped into the kitchen, his typically unconcerned appearance making me recollect he hadnt heard me instructing Sydney to sabotage his car. Sydneys getting groceries, I utter, hoping to distract him before he might notice the missing keys. indigence anything?A feeder would be nice, unless b arring that, Robert has an especial propensity for Cheerios. The apple cinnamon smorgasbord. He grinningd at Sydney. I never feeling Id go across the daylight an Alchemist would be an errand girl. Its charming.Sydney opened her mouth, no disbelieve to make some biting comment, and I quickly shook my head. Just go, I utter.She went, and master soon re rancid to Roberts side. Convinced the brothers wouldnt be going anywhere in full daylight without a car, I decided it was time to pit on Dimitri. To my surprise, Sonya was awake. She sat cross-legged on the bed with him, and the two stave in hushed tones. Her hair was disheveled from both sleep and fighting, scarce otherwise, she showed no cuts or bruises from the battle. Dimitri had been the same later on(prenominal)wards his trans recoilation, escaping terrible burns. The power of a Strigoi delayoration healed all injuries. Between my skinned legs and pseudo-concussion, I kind of wished individual had transformed me from a Strigoi.Sonya turned from Dimitri as I entered. A sequence of emotions passed across her casing. Fear. Astonishment. Recognition.Rose? There was hesitancy in the word, like she wondered if I was a hallucination.I forced a smile. Its cheeseparing to chink you again. I chose not to add, none that youre not trying to suck the carriage out of me.She averted her eyes down to her hands, studying her fingers like they were magical and wonderful. Of course, after macrocosm a monster, maybe having her old hands back really was wondrous. The day after his change, Dimitri hadnt entermed quite so touchy, entirely hed sure as shooting been in shock. That was as well when hed grown depressed. Was she? Or did she want to turn again, as Victor had suggested?I didnt sleep together what to say. It was all so strange and awkward. Sydney went for groceries, I told Dimitri lamely. She also stayed up so that I could sleep last night.I sleep together, he said with a small smile. I got up once to check on you.I mat up myself flushing, somehow embarrassed that Id been caught in weakness. You can rest too, I told him. Get some breakfast, and then Ill preclude an eye on everything. I have it on good authority that Victors going to have car trouble. Also that Robert really likes Cheerios, so if you want some, youre out of luck. He doesnt seem like the sharing type.Dimitris smile grew. Sonya on the spur of the moment lifted her head.Theres other spirit user here, she said, voice frantic. I can feel it. I remember him. She looked between Dimitri and me. Its not safe. Were not safe. You shouldnt have us around.Everythings fine, said Dimitri, voice so, so gentle. That tone was rare for him, but Id heard it before. Hed use it on me in some of my most desperate moments. Dont worry.Sonya shook her head. No. You dont understand. We were capable of terrible things. To ourselves, to others. Its wherefore I changed, to stop the madness. And it did, except it was worse. In its way. The things I did There it was, the same remorse Dimitri had felt. Half-afraid hed start heralding her t thrillher was no redemption for her either, I said, It wasnt you. You were controlled by something else.She buried her face in her hands. But I chose it. Me. I made it happen.That was spirit, I said. Its hard to fight. interchangeable you said, it can make you do terrible things. You werent thinking clearly. Lissa battles with the same thing all the time.Vasilisa? Sonya lifted her eyes and stared off into space. I think she was turn over through memories. In fact, despite her ramblings now, I didnt believe she was quite as unstable as shed been just before becoming Strigoi. Wed heard healings could change magnitude spirits madness, and I think Roberts transformation had lightened some of the darkness within her for now. Yes, of course. Vasilisa has it too. She turned to me in a panic. Did you suffice her? Did you get her out of there?I did, I said, trying to emulat e Dimitris gentleness. Lissa and I fled St. Vladimirs for a while, lead offly because of warnings from Sonya. We go away-hand(a) and then came back and, uh, were able to stop what was hunting her. I didnt think it was a good supposition for Sonya to know that the thingor rather, soulfulnesshunting Lissa was now sitting out in the living room. I took a step forward. And you can help Lissa too. We need to know ifNo, said Dimitri. No gentleness now in the warning look he gave me. Not yet.ButNot yet.I jab him a spot in return but said no much. I was all for giving Sonya her recuperation time, but we didnt have incessantly. The clock was ticking, and we had to find out what Sonya knew. I felt like Dimitri would have been able to give us this information immediately after hed been changed back. Of course, he hadnt been unstable beforehand, so hed kind of had an edge. Still. We couldnt play house in Kentucky forever.Can I see my flowers? asked Sonya. Can I go outside and see my fl owers?Dimitri and I exchanged glances. Of course, he said.We all locomote toward the door, and thats when I had to ask. Why did you grow flowers when you were like you were?She paused. Ive of all time grown flowers.I know. I remember. They were gorgeous. The ones here are gorgeous too. Is that why I mean, did you just want a pretty garden, even as a Strigoi?The question was unexpected and seemed to throw her off. I was about to give up on an answer when she finally said, No. I never thought about pretty. They were I dont know. Something to do. Id always grown flowers. I had to see if I still could. It was like a test of my skills, I guess.I met Dimitris eyes again. So. Beauty hadnt been part of her world. It was just like Id told him. Strigoi were notoriously arrogant, and it seemed the flowers had barely been a show of prowess. Growing them had also been a familiar raiment for her, and I recalled how Dimitri had read Western novels while Strigoi. Being Strigoi might em dus t someone their sense of goodness and morality, but old behaviors and hobbies remained.We took her out to the living room, interrupting a conversation between Victor and Robert. Sonya and Robert both froze, sizing each other up. Victor gave us one of his knowing smiles.Up and around. claim we found out what we need yet?Dimitri shot him a look similar to what Id received when asking about interrogation. Not yet.Sonya dragged her gaze from Robert and moved quickly toward the patio door, pa utilise when she saw our shoddy patch job. You broke my door, she said. verifying damage, I said. In my periphery, I think Dimitri rolled his eyes.Needing no management from us, Sonya opened the door and stepped outside. With a gasp, she came to a halt and stared upward. The sky was a perfect, cloudless blue, and the sun had crossed the horizon now, illuminating everything in gold. I went outside too, feeling the warmth of that light on my skin. Some of the nights imperturbability lingered, but we were in store for a hot day.Everyone else came out too, but Sonya was oblivious. She lifted her hands upward, as though maybe she could grab fall in of the sun and wrap it in her arms. Its so beautiful. She finally looked external and met my eyes. Isnt it? live with you ever seen anything so beautiful?Beautiful, I reiterated. For some reason, I felt both happy and sad.She walked around her yard, examining every plant and flower. She touched the petals and inhaled their fragrance. So different she kept saying to herself. So different in the sun Several especially caught her attention. These dont open at night Do you see it? Do you see the colors? Can you smell that?The questions didnt seem to be for anyone in particular. We watched, all of us kind of hypnotized. At last, she settled into the patio chair, happily gazing around, lost in sensory overloadin that bang that had been denied to her as a Strigoi. When it became obvious she wasnt leaving for a while, I turned to Dimit ri and repeated Sydneys advice about him taking a turn at quiescence while we waited for Sonya to recover. To my surprise, he in truth agreed.Thats smart. Once Sonyas able to talk, well need to move. He smiled. Sydneys spell into a battle mastermind.Hey, shes not in charge here, I teased. Shes just a soldier.Right. He lightly brushed his fingers against my cheek. Sorry, Captain.General, I corrected, genetic my breath at that brief touch.He gave Sonya a kind good day before disappearing into the house. She nodded, but I dont know if she really heard. Victor and Robert brought out two woody kitchen chairs and set them in the shade. I chose a spot on the ground. Nobody spoke. It wasnt the weirdest thing Id ever experienced, but it was certainly strange.Sydney returned later with the groceries, and I briefly abandoned the group to check in with her. Victors keys were lying back on the counter, which I took as a good sign. Sydney unloaded an assortment of food and handed me a box o f a dozen donuts.Hope thats enough for you, she remarked.I made a face at her presumption but took the donuts anyway. Come on outside when youre done, I told her. Its like the barbecue of the damned. Except theres no grill.She looked puzzled, but when she joined us later, she seemed to get what Id been saying. Robert brought out a bowl of Cheerios, but neither Sydney nor Victor ate. I gave Sonya a donut, the first thing that took her attention from her yard. She held it in her hands, turning it over and over.I dont know if I can. I dont know if I can eat it.Of course you can. I recalled how Dimitri had regarded food uncertainly too. Its chocolate-glazed. unattackable stuff.She took a tentative, rabbit-sized bite. She chewed it a billion times and finally swallowed. She closed her eyes briefly and sighed. Such sweetness. Slowly, she continued taking more tiny bites. It took forever for her to get halfway through the donut, and at that point, she finally stopped. Id polished off thr ee donuts by then, and my impatience to accomplish something was growing. Part of it was still the crabbiness from spirit, and part of it was just my continual restlessness to help Lissa. Sonya, I said pleasantly, fully certified of how pissed off Dimitri was going to be at me defying his instructions. We treasured to talk to you about something.Mm-hmm, she said, gazing at bees hovering around some honeysuckle.Is there a relative of yours someone who, uh, had a muff a while ago ?Sure, she said. One of the bees flew from the honeysuckle to a rose, and she never looked away. Lots.Articulate, Rosemarie, remarked Victor. Very articulate.I bit my lip, knowing an outburst would flabbergast Sonya. And probably Robert too.This would be a secret baby, I told her. And you were the beneficiary on a bank scotch that took care of the baby an account paid for by Eric Dragomir.Sonyas head whipped toward me, and there was no dreamy absentmindedness in her blue eyes now. A hardly a(prenomi nal) seconds passed before she spoke. Her voice was cold and hardnot a Strigoi voice, but definitely a back off voice. No. I dont know anything about that.Shes lying, said Robert.I didnt need any powers to figure that out, scoffed Sydney.I ignored both of them. Sonya, we know you know, and its really important we find this baby er, churl. Person. Wed made guesses on the age but werent 100 percent sure. You said you were worried about Lissa earlier. This will help her. She needs to know. She needs to know she has another family member.Sonya turned her attention back to the bees, but I knew she was no monthlong watching them. I dont know anything. There was a panic in her voice, and something told me that maybe I shouldnt push this after all. I couldnt secure if she was afraid or on the verge of rage.Then why were you on the account? This came from Victor.I dont know anything, she repeated. Her voice could have made icicles form on the ornamental trees. Nothing.Stop lying, snappe d Victor. You know something, and youre going to tell us.Hey I exclaimed. Be quiet. You dont have interrogation rights here.You didnt seem to be doing a very good job.Just keep out up, okay? I looked back at Sonya, replacing my glare with a smile. Please, I begged. Lissas in trouble. This will help her. I thought you said before that you wanted to help her?I promised said Sonya. Her voice was so low, I could barely hear it.Promised what? I asked. Patience, patience. I had to remain calm. I couldnt risk a breakdown.She squeezed her eyes shut and raked her hands through her hair violently, almost like a child about to have a tantrum. Promised not to tell. Promised not to tell anyone I had the urge to run over and shake her. Patience, patience, I repeated to myself. Dont upset her. We wouldnt ask you to break your promise if it wasnt important. Maybe maybe you can get in touch with this person Who had she promised? Erics mistress? And see if its okay to tell us? Oh for Gods sake, s aid Victor irritably. This is ridiculous and getting us nowhere. He glanced at his brother. Robert?Robert hadnt done untold so far today, but at Victors command, Robert leaned forward. Sonya?Still obviously distraught, she turned to look at him and her face went still. check us what we need to know, said Robert. His voice wasnt kind so much as smooth and lulling, with a faintly sinister touch. Tell us who and where this child is. Tell us who the mother is.This time, I did jump to my feet. Robert was using compulsion on her to get the answers. Sonyas eyes stayed locked on him, but her body began to shake. Her lips parted, though no sound came out. A tangle of thoughts swirled in my mind. want would get us what we needed to know, but something told me, it wasnt rightSonya stopped me from any more pondering. She shot up almost as quickly as I had. She was still staring at Robert, but no longer in that transfixed, hypnotized way. Shed broken the compulsion, and now now she was pisse d. The features that had been scared and fragile earlier were filled with fury. I had no magical senses, but after being with Lissa, I knew raging spirit when I saw it. Sonya was a bomb, about to explode.How dare you she hissed. How dare you try to compel me?Plants and vines near Robert suddenly sprang to life, growing to impossible heights. They reached out, tangled themselves around his chairs legs, and pulled. The chair toppled over, Robert along with it. Victor moved to help his brother, but Robert was already taking matters into his own hands. regain remarkably fast, he narrowed his eyes at Sonya, and she went flying backward, slamming against the wooden fence. Air users could do that trick sometimes, but this wasnt air blowing her back. This was spirits telekinetic abilities. He on the face of it possessed them outside of dreams too. Lovely.Id seen spirit users battle it out before, when Avery Lazar and Lissa had gone one on one. That hadnt been pretty, particularly since m ore than this exterior psychic phenomena had occurred. Avery had actually dug into Lissas mindand mine. I didnt know Robert or Sonyas full skill set, but this couldnt end well.Dimitri I yelled, springing toward Sonya. I didnt exactly know what I was going to do, but tackling her seemed like a sound plan. From what Id observed, a push-down list of spirit involved eye contact with the target.And sure enough, when I managed to grappler her to the ground, she struggled half- heartedly but mostly fought to keep her gaze on Robert. He screamed in sudden alarm, looking down at his own body in terror. Sonya was planting visions into his head. His expression hardened. He had to know it was an illusion, and a few moments later, he looked up, having broken her spell like shed broken his earlier compulsion.Dimitri came tearing out the door at that point, just as Robert used his mind to head one of the chairs toward Sonya. Of course, I was on top of her, so the chair hit me in the back. Dimitr i picked up pretty quickly what was going on and ran toward Robert, attempting the same tactic as me. Victor, possibly thinking his brother was in corporeal danger, tried to pry Dimitri away, which was futile. More vines began to reach toward Robert, and I realized limiting Sonya wasnt all that useful. Get him inside I yelled to Dimitri. Get him away from herDimitri had already guessed that and began dragging Robert toward the door. Even with Victor interfering, Dimitris strength was enough to get Robert out of there and back into the house. As soon as her target was gone, all the energy seemed to fade out of Sonya. She made no more efforts to fight me and collapsed to the ground. I was relieved, having feared shed turn on me once Robert was gone. Tentatively, still on guard, I helped Sonya sit up. She leaned against me, weak as a rag doll, and cried into my shoulder. some other breakdown.After that, it was a matter of damage control. In order to keep the spirit users apart, Dimit ri had taken Robert to the bedroom and left Victor with him. Robert seemed as purposeless out as Sonya, and Dimitri deemed the brothers safe enough to leave alone. Sonya collapsed on the couch, and after both Dimitri and I had tried to calm her down, we stepped away while Sydney held the Moroi womans hand.I briefly recapped what had happened. Dimitris face grew more and more incredulous as I did.I told you it wasnt time he exclaimed. What were you thinking? Shes too weakYou call that weak? And hey, I was doing fine It wasnt until Victor and Robert got involved that things went to hell.Dimitri took a step toward me, anger radiating off him. They should never have gotten involved. This is you, acting senseless again, jumping in foolishly with no thought of the consequences.Outrage shot through me in return. Hey, I was trying to make progress here. If being rational is sitting around and doing therapy, then Im happy to jump over the edge. Im not afraid to get in the game.You have no idea what youre saying, he growled. We were stand closer now, hardly any space left between us as we engaged in our battle of wills. This may have set us back.This set us forward. We found out she knows about Eric Dragomir. The problem is she promised not to tell anyone about this baby.Yes, I promised, piped up Sonya. Dimitri and I turned as one, realizing our argument was fully visible and sonic to Sonya and Sydney. I promised. Her voice was very small and weak, pleading with us.Sydney squeezed her hand. We know. Its okay. Its okay to keep promises. I understand.Sonya looked at her gratefully. Thank you. Thank you.But, said Sydney carefully, I heard that you care about Lissa Dragomir.I cant, interrupted Sonya, turning fearful again.I know, I know. But what if there was a way to help her without fracture your promise?Sonya stared at Sydney. Dimitri glanced at me questioningly. I shrugged and then stared at Sydney too. If someone had asked who could stage the best intervention wit h a crazy woman whod at once been an undead monster, Sydney Sage would have been my last guess.Sonya frowned, all attention on Sydney. W-what do you mean? Well what did you promise exactly? Not to tell anyone that Eric Dragomir had a mistress and baby?Sonya nodded.And not to tell who they were?Sonya nodded again.Sydney gave Sonya the warmest, friendliest smile Id ever seen on the Alchemist. Did you promise not to tell anyone where they are? Sonya nodded, and Sydneys smile faltered a little. Then, her eyes lit up. Did you promise not to lead anyone to where they are?Sonya hesitated, no doubt turning every word over in her mind. Slowly, she shook her head. No.So you could lead us to them. But not tell us where they actually are. You wouldnt be breaking the promise that way.It was the most convoluted, ridiculous piece of logical system Id heard in a while. It was something I would have come up with.Maybe said Sonya, still uncertain.You wouldnt break the promise, Sydney repeated. And it would really, really help Lissa.I stepped forward. It would help Mikhail too.Sonyas mouth dropped open at the mention of her former lover. Mikhail? You know him?Hes my friend. Hes Lissas friend too. I almost said that if we found the missing Dragomir, we could then take Sonya to Mikhail. Recalling Dimitris feelings of unworthiness, I decided to avoid that tactic just now. I didnt know how Sonya would react to a reunion with her beloved. And he wants to help Lissa. But he cant. None of us can. We dont have enough information.Mikhail Sonya looked down at her hands again, small tears running down her cheeks.You wont break your promise. Sydney was so compelling she could have been a spirit user. Just lead us. Its what Mikhail and Lissa would want. Its the right thing to do.I dont know which argument convinced Sonya the most. It could have been the part about Mikhail. Or it could have been the idea of doing the right thing. Maybe, like Dimitri, Sonya wanted redemption for her Strigo i crimes and saw this as a chance. Looking up, she swallowed and met my eyes.Ill lead you there, she whispered.Were going on another road trip, Sydney declared. Get ready.Dimitri and I were still standing right next to each other, the anger between us bloodline to diffuse. Sydney looked proud and continued trying her best to soothe Sonya.Dimitri looked down at me with a small smile that shifted slightly when he seemed to become aware of just how close we were. I couldnt say for sure, though. His face gave little away. As for me, I was very aware of our proximity and felt intoxicated by his body and scent. Damn. Why did fighting with him always increase my attraction to him? His smile returned as he tilted his head toward Sydney. You were wrong. She really is the new ecumenic in town.I smiled back, hoping he wasnt aware of my bodys reaction to us standing so close. Maybe. But, its okay. You can still be colonel.He arched an eyebrow. Oh? Did you split yourself? Colonels right below general. Whats that make you?I reached into my pocket and triumphantly flashed the CR-V keys Id swiped when wed come back inside. The driver, I said.

Prisoner Education

The t distri preciselyivelying of pris peer slightrs is a topic that is riddled with complications. sensation of the major(ip) barriers in the way of pris acer fosterage is worldly c at oncern indifference and ignorance. It seems that commonwealth be al near to happy to simply lock batch appear rather than actu exclusivelyy confront problems a mint(prenominal)(prenominal) as recidivism and community reintegration. Our account argues that prison houseer fosterage is non only a fair thing, scarcely is prerequisite to fix the underlying problems inwardly the United States prison placement.There is decidedly a lack of education political weapons platforms in our prison governing body straightaway. Furthermore, as yet in those institutions that piss education computer programmes shed m to each superstar assorted problems such as courses that argon interrupted or terminated on the individualised whims of prison administrators the absence of libraries w aiting lists for programs limited or no glide slope to preparation in culture technology professional courses that argon go state up paths to nowhere.By looking at effective b put on the line programs, field studies at mum prisons, and actual pris iodinr interviews we leave behind attempt to come forthline a put program and argue that educating prisoners is a closes by which to help further out failing prison system. As we deport away talked active in class, the United States has one of the richlyest incarceration place in the world, only if we as well as possess one of the highest horror rates. If the previous state handst is true, at that place is an marvelous problem with our system, and we regard that education is the key to solving it.In monastic order to justly critique our prison system it is important to look at arrest bying educational and artal programs in our argona. The mommy De let on feed forcet of Corrections has a mission statework for cet which reads, The Massachusetts Department of Corrections mission is to promote exoteric safety by managing offenders epoch providing bring off and appropriate programming in preparation for achievementful reen undertake into the community. They do this by following their four step program Manage C be architectural plan Prep ar. We found that some of the programs offered may fit this mission, only when separate(a)s aim tweaking. The original prison we decided to research was MCI Norfolk. MCI Norfolk utilizes a myriad of different programs, from adult basic education to Welding. However, the sheer number of programs offered does non always aim a successful educational system. In our research we found that Norfolk, although possessing a wide verity of programs, is one of the wipe up educational programs in the Massachusetts Department of Corrections.However, MCI-Norfolk does offer a few programs that we thought were very peculiar and would be helpful in designing a mould program. For example, MCI Norfolk offers a program c on the wholeed the Responsible Fatherhood plan which seeks to raise the aw arness of virile inmates pargonntal responsibility. The program tries to emphasize the value and importance that a sky pi pots presence fucking do on a child. The program last(a)s eight weeks and requires a minimum of eight hours of organize curriculum compulsive activities.The RFP program works in three stages, with the ultimate re of importder of reunited fathers with their children, and streng whenceing their bond as father and child. The Fatherhood suck up Maintenance Program is for graduates of the RFP program, which entirelyows inmates to practice and discuss the skills they were taught in the previous stage. formerly they befool passed the FGMP stage, the inmate moves onto the Father/Child Visitation Component, which is a structured and staff facilitated date for inmates who take a crap completed the maiden deuce step of t he program.What we kindredd about this program is non only that it seeks an important goal (preparing inmates to pass better fathers), provided it is very extensive and requires a lot of dedication from the inmate. some other program that we liked was the Employment Readiness Program which is a 10-day workshop that is designed to assist inmates in the development of the requisite skills that atomic number 18 chartered for successful transition patronagebone into the community. The program runs 2. 5 hours per day for inmates who argon within one yr of their soonest accomplishable release date.Throughout the course the participants be taught bear on building, cover letter writing, line of merchandise application soures, mock interviews and how to maintain employment. to a fault includes social nourishment, caparison plans, fiscal aw beness and bud puffing, education referrals, felon impact and attainable goals. totally of these skills are important to learn in o rder to find and maintain a job, and some inmates may build never conditioned these skills. Our braggygest critique of the program is that it is far too short.There are a lot of important skills listed in the program description, but 10-days at 2. 5 hours a day is non nearly enough age. Our suggestion is to run the aforesaid(prenominal) type of program, but offer it as a yearlong class. This class is offered at all of the Massachusetts Department of Corrections prisons, and we feel with the proper revamping, it could be a very successful program. The third existing program that we looked at was the majuscule of Massachusetts University Program. The program is designed to meet the pauperizations of the students who have store upd a minimum of twelve transferable college credits.Students eligible to enter this program have an opportunity to achieve a Bachelors Degree in Liberal Studies from BUs Metropolitan College. Although this program requires inmates to have already accumu lated college credits (which virtually have not) we thought it was important to mention because this program is begetterated in replete(p) by Boston University. Many measure over the semester we have seen that decision funding for prisoner education is difficult. Most people are hesitant to compulsion to make up any amount of property to fund the education of criminals, and that is why programs like the Boston University program are so important.If we butt end remove the stigma associated with prisoner education, finding funding go away become easier, and more programs will be on hand(predicate). The final prison program we looked at was the Souza-Baranowski Correctional circle around. As with MCI Norfolk, Souza-Baranowski offered some different programs, including barber trail, computer technology, culinary arts, educational counseling, English as a second language, and some more. However, like Norfolk, we found that Souza-Baranowski had documentary programs that were peculiar to their facility.The program that we thought was most unique and interest was the Relapse Program which is a vendor facilitated eight week, twenty-four session program designed to assist inmates in identifying high risk situations that may lead to relapse, and teach them skills to address those situations without relapse. We thought this program was prerequisite because using a prison as a detox bosom and never pedagogics addicts the skills they privation to avoid relapse is ineffective. This program not only helps participants identify high risk situations, but helps them develop the skills they choose to avoid or combat those situations.Souza-Baranowski utilizes many different programs in order to educate their inmates, and that is part of the reason why we decided to do part of our field study at this location. Our fieldwork interview conducted by our Crime and social Justice free radical focus on the Souza-Baranowski Corrections Center (SBCC) by babblein g to their breeding Principal. This facility, located in Shirley, MA, is considered a Maximum trade protection direct Prison. Sitting on top of 18 acres of land, the SBCC is one of Massachusetts newest worsenional facilities holding close to 1300 inmates. The principal of the school, Mr. Brian Hogan, kindly volunteered his time and answered a few headways regarding the nonplus education program available at the SBCC. Brian Hogan has held the position of principal of Souza-Baranowski Corrections Center since the prisons foundation in 1999. His experience as a state of matteral school instructor and as a baptismal font manager for the Department of Correction make him a qualified waddidate for the position. The information he relayed to us about the SBCC education system as well as his opinions on the composition matter was very useful to our group in figuring out what works for prison education and what does not.According to Mr. Hogan, the school in SBCC houses around t wo hundred inmates and offers a variety of different classes for all levels of education. The elementary school classrooms, which ranges in grade levels from 2nd to sixth is in one classroom, while the 6th to 8th grade level students are in the Middle coach Classroom. At the high school level, two classrooms exist one with a pre-GED teacher and another(prenominal) with grades 9-12th. In admission to these basic classrooms, specialty teachers exist for the prisoners who might have more difficulty in the learning process such as literacy, ESL and special education classes.Finally, the highest level of education available for the inmates is a limited amount of college courses available through with(predicate) a distance learning program and videoconferencing. In our interview, Brian Hogan thoroughly described the process necessary to be considered for the education program and the eligibility requirements for the prisoners. The MCI diagnostics department for basic educations tests all the offenders who care to be considered for the educational program. Through this test, they determine his level base on their scores on language, math and reading exams.Subsequently, the inmates name is placed on a waiting list while the education level is sufficiently evaluated and based on whether spots are available or not, this determines if they are enrolled as student in the school. All of the prisoners are eligible for a spot in the program, but trustworthy circumstances create a higher likelihood of actually be chosen. SBCC is more probably to enroll inmates with smaller sentences as well as the ones that are closest to their release date. According to Mr. Hogan, the reason for this is to effectively finish up out to the prisoner right before they are released into the community when they need it most. SBCC contains a wide variety of inmates and many who are at different points in their sentences. From men who are about to be released to others who might be doing mien in jail, all kinds of inmates do exist in the facility. Although these prisoners doing animation do depress a shot at at break awaying the prison school, they are definitely the least prioritized in receiving an education.Even as least likely, these men are not completely excluded and one spot by SBCC is reserved in every classroom for a biographyr. The education system is focused wholly on a voluntary basis for the inmates. No one officer or teacher exists that goes out and recruits the inmates or encourages them to join the school. The men are inclined the signifi send packingt handbooks, outlines and all types of information about the school to attract their participation. Whether the inmates decide to apply for a vacancy or not is totally up to them.SBCC does offer an incentive to encourage the prisoners to enroll. The incentive takes two and half days off the inmates sentence for every month he attends school. It should excessively be noted that this is all contin gent upon the good sort of the offender. As soon as he acts up, however, he is taken out of the classroom and not suspended to attend the education program any longer. One of the questions our group was interested in hit the haying more about implicated the funding and technology available to the prison in order to successfully to teach these prisoner students. As Mr. Hogan remarked, some funds do come from the Massachusetts State bud take a leak however, the program likewise depends on privy state grants for a big portion of the money necessary to support the education program. The prisons technology resources are relatively satisfied with two to three computers, with no internet connection, available in each classroom. Additionally, different software programs are too available for these students such as spelling and keyboard software as well as GED preparation software. The ESL learners overly have the benefit of Rosetta Stone to aid them in learning English.In Hogans op inion, SBCCs school can be considered as cutting inch in education for prisons. He believes that recent years has brought about a new focus and shift directed towards college classes, where 15 of the cc men enrolled in education classes are currently capable of taking college-level courses and work towards an Associates degree. The school has helpful teachers who are experienced with semi popular school commandment and school counselors who point the students in the right direction and encourage their teaching. The program, to Mr. Hogan, is locomote in the right direction and the state and national statistics available suggests that education in prisons does work. Evidence shows that prisoners, who have some college or schooling aft(prenominal) leaving prison, do not return. Not only are recidivism rates snipd, but these men usually find decent jobs and overall the public becomes safer because once released these guys do not commit crimes again. Mr. Hogan mentions that just b y having these education classes, it goes a long way in changing the norms when it comes to education in prisons.He talked about how years ago such education programs would definitely have been fr induceed upon by the public. People were incapable of representing why men, who have pull crimes and are in jail to pay for these offenses, would be payed with the opportunity to get an education in prison. People especially off-key against such schooling whenever taxpayers dollars entered into the picture. As Brian Hogan put it, education systems in prison are not the most politically correct thing and that is why the public a good deal gets in the way of the promotion of these education programs in facilities. verbalize to Mr. Hogan increased our knowledge base about the specific programs available in Massachusetts for prisoners, and compared to some of our other experiences we counted ourselves lucky that this interview went so smoothly. This was not the case with some of the othe r contacts that our group try to reach out to. After submitting multiple proposals to the Suffolk House of Corrections, in the end our request to visit the prison to speak to the inmates was denied. In another attempt to visit a prison, and if that failed, and so to speak to the school principal, we contacted MCI Norfolk just as we had reached out to Souza-Baranowski.Unfortunately, Ms. Diane Wiffin was not the most obliging and went back and forth with our group as if onerous to avoid the questions and unwilling to give her opinion. When we informed her that the principal of SBCC had given us the description of his education program, she rented to review his answers, and her response was as follows Hi, Chelsea Veronica M. Madden, deputy Commissioner of the Classification, Programs and Reentry Division, and I have reviewed your proposal and the questions and responses from Brian Hogan, Principal at Souza Baranowski Correctional Center. Mr. Hogans responses can be applied to MCI Norfolk as in that respect are consistencies in the formation of our education programs throughout our facilities. deputy sheriff Commissioner Madden did want to comment on your question as to why people are refusing to give you information and how fractious it is to obtain an interview. We dont know who else you have contacted, but as I indicated to you when we spoke, we get an overwhelming number of student projects and we have limited resources to be antiphonal to those requests. As much as we would like to be available, we just dont have the resources. In terms of Mr. Hogans response to that question, Deputy Commissioner Madden wonders if Mr. Hogan was referring to potential public reaction to inmates who participate in the Boston University Prison Program, which is donated by BU at no cost to taxpayers. BU also makes several scholarships available to DOC staff. We take the public is supportive of inmates receiving adult basic education, GED and vocational training. Attach ed is a copy of our Program Description Booklet. procreation information is contained in that. Also as part of that booklet is a listing of programs and education/vocation training listed by facility.In addition, on www. mass. gov/DOC there is research material covering recidivism rates. This is should be exactly what you need for your project Diane Wiffin, Director of worldly concern Affairs As her response shows, fiddling time is available for the Deputy Commissioner to answer our questions and apparently the program of SBCC can be applied to MCI Norfolk. Our group was lucky that Mr. Hogan did not mind answering our questions but this reluctant behavior made us wonder why prisons were unwilling to talk to us about their facilities.Before contacting Ms. Wiffin, we had already experienced certain setbacks with the process and we decided to ask Brian Hogan what his opinion was about why so much dis disposition existed to speak to a group of Boston college students. He believed th e difficulties we experienced were due to their panic of the publics reaction to education in prisons. Many times these prison education programs are not advertised for people and either they do not understand or choose to not understand just what affects it could have on the community. Mr.Hogan reflected, the taxpayer does not want to spend their money on something considered to be more of a reward, when they should be punished. In addition, he mentioned that this government funding for programs of college education receives much critique because parents have their own children that they are try to put through college. Consequently, seeing men in prisons able to take advantage of this makes them angry. Overall prisons are very nescient of peoples intentions and fear that something, like education, that they believe to be good, could be misconstrued by the public.This is especially true because as he puts it, what newspapers and the media portray is often prejudicious when it c omes to crimes and inmates in prisons. From these negative substitution classs, people make their own negative assumptions and believe that all prisoners are bad and should not receive any education. As a result, many do not care that this, overall, would be something better for the community and many take no importance that such education reduces the rate of recidivism. Mr. Hogan also states, that the genuineism does not make for good reading, and so little things like watching a recently released mental picture to prisoners becomes outrageous for some constituents. These interesting opinions from Mr. Hogan reminded our group of everything that our class had touched upon regarding the image of crime in the media. Sara Beale, in the article we read for class The intelligence agency Medias Influence on Criminal Justice Policy How Market-Driven tidings Promotes Punitiveness, (Beale 2006) claims that the media is manipulated to show a negative image of crime in the public and as a result instills a moral panic.In framing, the media emphasizes a certain crime story, idea or feeling, often negative, resulting in the viewers fear in crime and offenders. The more fear they feel, the more the inclination to call for punitive policy and punish the offender. Also, television shows and news reports are used as past(a)ime for the public to improve ratings. This means that the entertainment sometimes does not accurately reflect the reality. (Beale 2006) This inaccurate reflection of reality encapsulates how people in the public view education for prisons and how it is portrayed to the masses.For this reason, the prisons are scared their education programs might lose funding and resources, and therefore are reluctant to give away too much information to the public and media. In common, our groups opinion of the SBCCs is favorable and can be considered a good education model. Other information that we have gathered shows that the only programs some prisons actually have depend upon re-entry programs. These re-entry programs tend to lecture to the inmates on the limitations on their behavior, before they are released into the community.Oftentimes no real engagement occurs with the prisoners, and if no education exists than these former inmates are more likely to commit crimes again. We believe that the college classes available to the inmates of SBCC are a significant summation to their program, and other research we conducted suggests that these classes are the most effective in cut back recidivism. Opponents do arise amongst the public concerning education in prison, but it would be more beneficial if they took into consideration that more education equals less crime and less recurring offenders.Another conclusion we arrived at from our interview is the need for other prisons to implement these education programs and to make them more available to inmates. With only 200 prisoners out of 1300 foregoed to participate in schooling, there are still many who never get the opportunity to learn. If these classes were available to more of the inmate population, then perhaps recidivism could be addressed more thoroughly through these efforts. We also believe that prisons such as MCI Norfolk should improve their programs if the reason for not braggy us information is because the program they have is incompetent.If the reason for not public lecture to us is due to fear of misrepresentation, we think this has to be addressed in a different manner, perhaps through informational pamphlets or some other form of media to get the message out to the public that education in prisons is a good thing. After many trials and tribulations, trying to break through the barriers of prison security that refuses to share the prison education information, we got creative. Pondville Correctional Center is located in the town of Norfolk, Massachusetts. The facility houses 204 inmates total.The majority of the inmates are Level 3, which means that they are minimum-security inmates, while the others are Level 2, meaning that they are pre-release inmates. Our group decided to go to one of the work placements, which was at an sell house near the facility. About fifteen inmates were present at the sell house, and we had the opportunity to speak directly with all of them during the hour before the auctioneer. This was an dumfounding and interesting experience, one that none of us had ever had before. It gave us much more insight into the prison system and the people inside of it.As mentioned on the Mass. gov website, The primary mission of Pondville Correctional Center is to protect the publics safety by incarcerating inmates and to provide inmates the opportunity for responsible reintegration and positive behavioural salmagundi (Public Safety, 2011). We believe that in order to fully reintegrate mortal into parliamentary procedure, inmates need to be educated and also have vocational training so that they can be a meaning ful and ample addition to decree once they are out of prison. When looking at the programs offered at all of the prisons, the options seem pretty extensive.For example, Pondville requires all inmates to work unless they have a medical waiver and they also give prisoners vocational, educational, and self-help opportunities. The facility boasts that their education programs are innovative. They offer classes including Adult Basic Education, English as a Second language, GED tutoring, and a sustenance Skills Computer program that focuses on resume writing, job applications, job interviews, and personal finance. If we merely looked at the website, we would conclude that the opportunities for inmates are there, they just have to get involved.After dissertation with the inmates, we absorbd that this was not the case at all. The inside perspective from the inmates, that other prisons had so desperately tried to keep from us, made it clear that, although they have some classes, it is a lmost unfeasible to get into the programs. The reality is that there is open door nark to programs at prisons, but it goes by earliest release date and overall there are not nearly enough programs. One man state that there are only about eighteen men per class, but 400 people want to be in that class.Also, because it is by earliest release date, many people will be in prison for years until they get the chance to be in the program. How we can we, as a corporation, expect someone to become completely educated if we only let them into the programs 6 months before they are released? We, as a society, are appalled that people are let out of prison and then go back to their old habits, but this is because they do not know how else to act. They fall back into their own uneducated ways and wind back in prison, but if we do not give them an education, what else should we expect?Another issue with the education offered to prisoners is that most of the teachers do not have high expectation s for the inmates. As one inmate stated, if we show up, we pass. We do not have to do anything if we do not want to, but if we merely show up, she will pass us. From experience, our group agreed that it is extremely hard to try hard and have a strong work ethic when your teacher expects nothing from you. A lot of the teachers at the prisons, as Brian Hogan, principal at Souza Baranowski told us, have been laid off and, therefore, are relocating to prisons.This means that they are real and qualified teachers, but then why are they not expecting the same from the inmates as they did from their previous students? The teachers need to take responsibility for the success of the inmates. They need to have expectations for the prisoners and only pass them if they deserve to pass. Having education classes is a start, but they need to have education classes in which the prisoners actually learn things, and that is not going to happen if they are passed just for showing up.Denying prisoners f eeds into a possible action that we discussed this semester while reading The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison. (Reiman, & Leighton, 2010). The pyrrhic defeat theory states the American criminal rightness system the entire process from law-making to law-enforcing has failed to eliminate the rates of crime that characterize our society and stake our citizens (Reiman, & Leighton, 2010). We discussed this theory as a group and concluded that the criminal justice system fails to liminate the rates of crime because we are s culmination inmates back into society the same way (or even worse) than they were when they entered the system. Instead of using the years that they are in the system to educate them and teach them better ways, we are let them sit around watching Jerry Springer, joining gangs, or fighting each other. By denying prisoners a proper education and then just expecting them to change and not come back to prison is absurd. The ignorance of people believing that prisoners are not entitled to an education will just continue to carry on the crime daily round.For example, if an offender has served his time and has to face the world again with a lack of academic knowledge on top of an already sensed low morale as they will be judged for universe in prison in the first place, it will be a lot easier for them to stray again and end up back in the system. However, with the view of being educated and having added knowledge, this will hopefully encourage and give inmates the trust and efficiency to make something of their lives and also be provided with the idea that they can do other things in life than turn to crime.We need to be sassy on crime. We need to educate people so that they have the ability to change once they are released. Once a prisoner gets his GED, so many more doors open up for them and more opportunities arise. Because they already have a strike against them for being in prison, inmates need credentials to get their foot i nto the door, and an education will help them with this. While visiting the auction house, we talked directly with a man named Tom Lyons. Tom has spent the last twenty years in prison for killing a man. When he entered the system, he was illiterate.After spending some time with Tom, we learned that a sort of religion and education changed his life. His release date was coming up on April 15th, and he could now read and write due to the education that he received in prison. He studied poetry while in the system and his favorite author is Emily Dickinson. Tom says that having an education made him realize that he wanted to help others, and he wants to go around verbalize to groups about his experiences, etc. He also said that without an education, he never would have been able to have the confidence to want to make something of his life once he gets out.While Tom was lucky enough to get an education, he also has missed out on a lot. Over the past twenty years, so much has changed in our society. Cell phones, Internet, and other expert advances have transformed us. However, Tom has never experienced most of these things. He was getting out in 15 days and they were just teaching him how to use a computer. He said that there were always programs that were interesting to him, but he could not get into them until he was really close to getting out.As Tom said, if youre preparing someone to change their entire life, you need to start right as we get in. Not one year before we are getting out. I was lucky and got into an education program earlier, but millions of people are not. Tom may have learned to read and write, but he is still so far canful in terms of understanding technology, something crucial to succeeding in todays world. From speaking with Tom, we realized that there is so much that necessitate to be addressed within the education department within prisons.After speaking with Tom and the other prisoners, we realized that there is an open door access t o programs, but this does not mean much because a lot of people cannot get into the programs because eligibility goes by earliest release date. The prisoners gave us some of their main wishes for the education system. These included for people to have higher expectations for them, for there to be more programs and more GED programs, and to have teachers who truly care about their success instead of just showing up to get a pay check.These wishes are all things that we think many would agree with. They are not asking for things that are absurd. They are just asking to be given the chance to get an education, and if we, as a society, want them to stop ending up back in prison, that is exactly what we need to give them a good education and skills to use outside of prison. Although there are impregnable arguments why it is unfair for prisoners to be getting these perks while being in prison, one must remember the structural deficits that currently exist in our society.In an ideal world , education in the prison systems would not be a necessity or a topic of discussion. Within an idealistic system, there would be adequate educational programs that created motivation and encouragement in all youth to work hard and stay on the right path. This correct path would lead students to the ample jobs awaiting them. There would be no need to resort to criminal activity in order to support oneself or ones family. Anyone who did stray from these available opportunities would have no explain for their irresponsible behaviors, leaving prison as their option of punishment.However, and this is a big however, because the current structural system is not giving everyone equal opportunities to upgrade the rungs of the social ladder. Understandable then, many individuals feel trapped into a life of crime and violence as a means to escape the concentrated effects of an unfair system. This is not an excuse, nor is it justification for the crimes that many people are arrested and impr isoned for. Regardless of the unfair system, acts of violence and criminality should neither be supported nor accepted. Because society does not mirror the ideal that many wish for, there will inevitable be acts that are deemed unlawful.With an unequal system and over two million inmates the question arises, whether as a nation our desire is to rehabilitate these prisoners or just punish them and house them in prison cells for the rest of their lives. There are many sides to every story, and in this case there are those who support educational programs within prisons and there are those who are opposed to it. Some argue against education for those on death row, while others say that no one in prison should be given the opportunity of an education. Knowledge is power, but why should prisoners be given this power?The money that is being spent on prisons should be going to the education of people who are not criminals. Others argue that there is so much money being spent on housing and feeding prisoners already. Why do these prisoners deserve an education when so many children are suffering through poorly funded public school systems? The most popular reason is that people believe their tax dollars are being spent on educating prisoners while many Americans struggle to send their children to college or even good high schools. Also, educating prisoners is seen as a distant reward that benefits them individually rather than benefitting societyUnfortunately Americas individualistic nature creates a shortcoming for their nation. They do not see the benefits of educating prisoners. An educated nation is a better nation. The stance that will be taken is to rehabilitate prisoners and allow them to become working members of society upon their release. Under this perspective, the education system within a prison would not only be necessary but would serve as a vital program to helping prisoners have the slightest chance at emerging into society as skillful and productive members.If inmates receive an education before they are released from prison, if they have help through this system to gain a job and work to support themselves, one can only hope that it would reduce the level of crime and reduce the number of prisoners re-entering prisons. This hope is the reality. Although Studies have clearly shown that participants in prison education, vocation and work programs have recidivism rates 20-60 percent lower than those of non-participants (Granoff, J 2009) many Americans still disagree with the education of prisoners.Despite these negative arguments against educating prisoners, there exist an plentiful number of advantages to these programs. After discussing with the Principal and director of the prisons and discussing with the inmates themselves, it is clear that the education system is under a lot of scrutiny by the public. The principle of the Souza-Baranowski maximum-security prison said, People dont understand it. People are struggling to send their kids to college. People are abiding by the laws and doing the right things dont see the benefit of educating those who have broken law.Without information on programs and how they work to benefit society, the general population will confront oblivious to the constructive aspects of these programs. The media affects the way we view society and the programs within it. Media programs variant certain points that highlight what people want to hear, what lobbyists want said and what society deems important at the time. In order for people to realize the bound of the positive impacts of the programs available, we need to hear more success stories like that of Joan.Joan said, I did not realize at the time that I had taken the first step on a journey of lifelong learning. Nor that the process would allow me to accumulate human capital (qualifications skills and abilities), identity capital (self-worth) and social capital (a supportive network of friends and colleagues). (Erwin, J) She is just one example of the many positively impacted individuals who were transformed from caterpillars to butterflies with a little encouragement and motivation.As said before, we believe that many of the existing programs in the prison systems aim at positively influencing the prisoners. We understand the complexity of the issues at hand and the controversy that surrounds this discussion. Although these troubles exist, we came up with what our model program would consist of, and the recommendations that we have concerning the programs that are currently being utilized. Our model program is based on a rehabilitative method. We would want to prisoners to accumulate human capital identity capital and social capital as Joan described.The programs would be mandatory to ensure that all prisoners were getting involved. There would also be incentives to take part in the programs. Of course the prisoners should want to take advantage of these programs without being free energyed to do so, however, we recognize that getting the ball ringlet will show these prisoners what they are capable of. For many inmates, no one has ever pushed them to capitalize on their true potentials, which leaves them yearning for self-fulfillment in all the wrong arenas.Our hope is that once they see their capabilities, this will push them to continue to work hard and motivate them to move past their criminal behaviors once they are released from prison. It is very important for there to be vocational classes that give the inmates specific skills and talents that will ensure them some job opportunities when they are released from prison. On a higher level, GED classes and college programs need to become common in all prisons instead of being the exception to only a few.We also believe that the number of programs being offered needs to be drastically increased. As the inmate said, there are 400 hundred people who want to be in certain programs but only 18 can be. This disparity is dishe artening, as the desire to change exists however the opportunity to do it is lacking. As prison populations grow into the millions, society must decide how spoilt on crime they are going to continue to be. The individual states have the power to decide the individual educational systems within their prisons.Education, as a result of negativity towards all prisons, has not only become less of a priority but is seen as prisoners being given a free ride. The problem however, is that the current system that offers harsh punishment and little rehabilitation is not working. Harsh punishment does not however mean deliberate cruelty. Prisons should not be a place that purposely creates shocking conditions for inmates. Just having your freedom taken away from you is probably one of the worst things that can happen to an individual. Certainly, no one has the right to injure another person or to take his or er life however, if society does not work at rehabilitating these individuals, then t he length of sentences and punitive measures will not only need to be increased but turned up by many notches. The cutting of education budgets within prisons increases the likelihood that upon release these prisoners will only return to prison. People in the general population are already reluctant to hire someone with a criminal record so adding a lack of education will make it virtually impossible for released prisoners to do anything but go back to their old lifestyles of crime.This will only create a never-ending cycle that will inevitably become hurtful to society as a whole. Of course the ideal education system outside of prison is what we trance of, but until then we support the efforts to protect society by educating those who once harmed it.Work CitedErwin, James. In Prison, Education Is Your Best Route to a Better Life Erwin James Society Guardian. co. uk. Latest News, Comment and Reviews from the Guardian Guardian. co. uk. Web. 27 Apr. 2011. .Granoff, Gillian. Educ ation Update Prison College Programs Unlock the Keys to Human Potential. EDUCATION UPDATE APRIL 2011 Education News. 2009. Web. 27 Apr. 2011. . Public safety and security, Commonwealth of Massachusetts. (2011). Pondville correctional facility organisation Printing Office.